Know about lumpy skin disease

Lumpy skin disease–Biggest concern of India

Lumpy skin disease is caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV)

Genus:-

Capri poxvirus

Family:-

• Poxviridae (smallpox and monkey pox viruses are also a part of the same family) The LSDV have antigenic similarities like the sheep pox virus (SPPV) and the goat pox virus (GTPV) and also have similarities in the immune response like those viruses.

Type of disease:-

• It is not a zoonotic viral disease thus the disease cannot spread to humans.

Nature of disease:- Endemic

Vector:-

• It is a contagious disease spread by vectors like mosquitoes, some biting flies, and ticks

Host:-

• Usually affects  animals like cows and water buffaloes.

Dissemination:–

• Infected animals shed the virus through oral and nasal secretions which may contaminate common feeding and water troughs, contaminated fodder. It Can also spread through animal semen during artificial insemination.

Main symptoms:–   

The disease Is initially characterised by fever, followed by the growth of cutaneous nodules (2–5 cm) all over the body. Lesions that affect the mouth, throat, and respiratory system in some animals can result in pneumonia, swollen lymph nodes, edema of the limbs, or brisket region.

Incubation period:– 

• 4 -14 days after the infection.

(Time between exposure to the pathogen and appearance of symptoms)

Morbidity rate:- 5 % to 45%

Vaccine: –

• To help the country’s livestock, Union Minister forAgriculture and Farmers Welfare Narendra Singh tomar launched the indigenous vaccine Lumpi- ProVac on August 10 to protect livestock from Lumpy skin disease. The vaccine was developed in collaboration with the
• Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar
• National Equine Research Center, Hisar Haryana

• Goat pox virus vaccine is also recommending in many places.

Initiative’s:-

• The government had starts mobile veterinary clinics, a special isolation ward, and a 24×7 emergency helpline number – 8287848586 – to fight with lumpy disease.

The viral infection has killed nearly 75,000 cattle in India and spread to more than 10 States and UTs, hitting Rajasthan the worst It is mainly spreading in eight Indian states Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, and Jammu & Kashmir with Rajasthan.

MCQs.

Q.1 The lumpy skin viral disease was first observed in which of the following country?

• America 1914
• Pakistan 1964
• Zambia 1929
• India 2022

Q.2 In India, the first lumpy skin disease case was reported on Which state?

• Gujarat’s Kutch
• Rajasthan
• West Bengal
• Odisha

Know about lumpy skin disease