NABARD Norms Fish Cold Storage

NABARD Norms Fish Cold Storage

Fish Production

Introduction

India is the second largest producer of fish in the world after China and accounts for nearly 6% of global fish production. India’s seafood industry has become one of the leading suppliers of quality seafood to all the major markets of the world. India has world class seafood processing plants that follow quality control regimes complaint to stringent international regulatory requirements.

 Fish Cold Storages

Once fish is frozen, it must be stored at a constant temperature of −23 °C (−10 °F) or below in order to maintain a long shelf life and ensure quality. A large portion of fresh fish is water. Because the water in fish contains many dissolved substances, it does not uniformly freeze at the freezing point of pure water. Instead, the free water in fish freezes over a wide range of temperature, beginning at approximately −2 °C (28 °F). The amount of remaining free water decreases until the product reaches a temperature of approximately −40 °C.

Fish held below that temperature and packaged so as not to allow water loss through sublimation can be stored for an indefinite period. Unfortunately, there are relatively few commercial freezers capable of storing fish at -40° because of the tremendous variation in energy costs. Fish are therefore 3 normally stored at −18 to −29 °C (0 to −20 °F), resulting in a variable shelf life ranging from a few weeks to almost one year.

The International Institute of Refrigeration recommends a storage temperature of -18°C for lean fish such as cod and haddock and -24°C for fatty species such as herring and mackerel.

Types of cold stores

Stores with unit coolers:- The most widely used method of cooling modern cold stores is by means of unit coolers with fan designed with good circulation of the air. the main disadvantage is that many designs using this type of cooling unit do not allow for uniform distribution of the air within the store.

Multiple units:- Multiple units are usually better than large single units for a number of reasons. A multi-unit system gives some insurance in case of breakdown. Equipments used

Financial Viability and Bankability

 Project Cost:- The cost of construction of 1000 MT, 2000 MT and 3000 MT capacity including land cost and machinery and other equipments works out to Rs.175 lakh, Rs.395 lakh and Rs.600.50 lakh respectively

Means of Finance:-

• scheduled commercial banks
• Regional Rural Banks
• Cooperative Banks.

Bank Loan:- Bank loan of 75 to 90% of the total cost of development shall be available from the financing institution. Bank loan considered in this model is 75%.

Rate of interest:- lending rate has been considered as 13 % for working out the bankability of the model project.

Rate of refinance:- NABARD refinance is available for setting up of cold storage unit provided the same is technically feasible and financially viable. In view of priority attached to exports, NABARD is agreeable to provide refinance as per existing norms.

Q.1 India’s rank in Fish Production according to NABARD Norms?

• 1^st
• 2^nd
• 3^rd
• 4^th
• 10^th

Q.2 India account for how much percent of total fish production of World according to NABARD Norms?

• 16%
• 6%
• 26%
• 36%
• 10%

Q.3 Fish is Normally stored at which temperature according to NABARD Norms?

• −8 to −18 °C
• −18 to −29 °C
• −30 to −39 °C
• −40 to −49 °C
• None of these

Q.4 The International Institute of Refrigeration recommends a storage temperature….for  fatty species of fish?

• -04°C
• -14°C
• -24°C
• -34°C
• -18°C

Q.5 The cost of construction of 1000 MT Fish cold storage According to NABARD Norms?

• Rs.75 lakh
• Rs.100 lakh
• Rs.125 lakh
• Rs.150 lakh
• Rs.175 lakh

Q.6 The cost of construction of 2000 MT Fish cold storage According to NABARD Norms?

• Rs.195 lakh
• Rs.295 lakh
• Rs.395 lakh
• Rs.495 lakh
• Rs.595 lakh

Q.7 Means of Finance for constructing Fish cold storage According to NABARD Norms?

• scheduled commercial banks
• Regional Rural Banks
• Cooperative Banks
• All of these
• None of these

NABARD Norms Fish Cold Storage